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Apr
27
Dairy groups encourage improving nutrition security to USDA
Earlier this year, USDA announced transitional standards that will begin in the school year (SY) 2022-2023, running through SY 2023-2024. The goal is to give schools time to transition from current, pandemic operations, toward more nutritious meals.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Incomplete degradation products of galactomannan from Sesbania cannabina modulated the cecal microbial community of laying hens
The health and nutritional status of poultry are largely interconnected with the gut microbiome, which directly or indirectly affects gut morphology, nutrition, and immune responses.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Oxidation of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids as metabolic fuels in enterocytes of post-hatching developing chickens
Glucose and fatty acids have long been regarded as the primary sources of energy for the absorptive epithelial cells (enterocytes) of the avian small intestine. However, little is known about the use of amino acids for ATP production in these cells.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of bovine primary myoblasts through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is a critical candidate gene that affects bovine stature and height. Past studies have focused on correlations between PLAG1 and quantitative traits.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Calcium-sensing receptor is not expressed in the absorptive enterocytes of weaned piglets
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has been identified as a nutrient sensor along the gastrointestinal tract and plays a pivotal role in food digestion, nutrient absorption, and energy metabolism.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Oxidative stress biomarkers and free amino acid concentrations in the blood plasma of moderately exercised horses indicate adaptive response to prolonged exercise training
Performance horses are subjected to numerous stressors. These stressors may subsequently impact their overall performance. The present study measured oxidative stress biomarkers in the blood of exercising horses.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: CCK and GLP-1 release in response to proteinogenic amino acids using a small intestine ex vivo model in pigs
Understanding which dietary amino acids (AA) may impact the release of gut hormones involved in the modulation of feed intake, such as cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), can help improve pig feed formulations.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Evaluation of optimal dietary calcium level by bone characteristics and calcium metabolism-related gene expression of broilers from 22 to 42 d of age
The present experiment was conducted to evaluate an optimal dietary Ca level by bone characteristics and Ca metabolism-related gene expression of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet from 22 to 42 d of age.
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Apr
21
Interpretive Summary: Equine enterocytes actively oxidize L-glutamine, but do not synthesize L-citrulline or L-arginine from L-glutamine or L-proline in vitro
The amino acid arginine (Arg) is a precursor for the synthesis of multiple biological molecules including nitric oxide, polyamines, and creatine that are involved in cell proliferation, cellular remodeling, dilation of blood vessels, and phosphocreatine production for a readily available source of energy.
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Apr
14
Interpretive Summary: Polyamines protect boar sperm from oxidative stress in vitro
Boar semen preservation and artificial insemination are widely used in the pig industry. Although preservation in vitro prolongs sperm lifespan, reactive oxidative species (ROS) also accumulate in sperm with the increased preservation period.
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Apr
14
Interpretive Summary: Galyean Appreciation Club Review: revisiting nutrition and health of newly received cattle—what have we learned in the last 15 years?
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a significant economic and animal welfare challenge for the beef industry. Experiments related to the health and management of newly received cattle published in the last 15 yr were reviewed.
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Apr
14
Interpretive Summary: Palatability and apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility of retorted black soldier fly larvae-containing diets and their effects on the fecal characteristics of cats consuming them
The pet food industry is interested in black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) because of its supposed sustainability and nutritional qualities.
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Apr
14
Interpretive Summary: Technical Note: Validation of the effectiveness of electric stunning for euthanasia of mature swine
The objectives of the current study were to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile electric stunner (E-STUN) as a method of humane euthanasia in heavy-weight mature boars and sows and to assess the outcomes when compared with a penetrating captive bolt gun (PCBG) method.
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Apr
13
Interpretive Summary: Keel bone damage affects behavioral and physiological responses related to stress and fear in two strains of laying hens
Keel bone damage (KBD) impairs production performance, welfare, and health in laying hens. This study aimed to compare the incidence of KBD and investigate the effects of KBD on stress and fear in two strains of laying hens.
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Apr
13
Interpretive Summary: Effects of dietary vitamin E and fat supplementation in growing-finishing swine fed to a heavy slaughter weight of 150 kg: I. Growth performance, lean growth, organ size, carcass characteristics, primal cuts, and pork quality
The study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin E (VE) supplementation and fat source on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality of pigs slaughtered at 150 kg.
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Apr
13
Interpretive Summary: Increased feed supply and dietary fiber from sugar beet pulp improved energy retention in gestating sows
Feeding sows sugar beet pulp (SBP) has many known benefits, for example, increased satiety, and it is a highly fermentable fiber source for sows. This study investigates how efficient sows utilize energy for fat and protein retention in response to increased SBP inclusion in the diet.
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Apr
13
Interpretive Summary: Dam parity structure and body condition during lactation influence piglet growth and gilt sexual maturation through pre-finishing
Young female swine have a greater challenge successfully producing and raising a litter of piglets as they are still maturing themselves and nursing is an extremely energy demanding event.
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Apr
07
Interpretive Summary: Cattle acclimate more substantially to repeated handling when confined individually in a pen than when assessed as a group
Chute and exit scores are common subjective methods used to evaluate temperament in cattle production systems. A pen test, which allows behavior to be observed in a non-restrained setting, may also be an effective method to evaluate temperament by allowing more variation among animals to be expressed.
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Apr
07
Interpretive Summary: Heritability and genetic correlation estimates of semen production traits with litter traits and pork production traits in purebred Duroc pigs
Genetic parameters of 5 semen production traits, 10 litter traits, and 3 pork production traits in purebred Duroc pigs was estimated.
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Apr
07
Interpretive Summary: Inclusion of sire by herd interaction effect in the genomic evaluation for weaning weight of American Angus
The objective of this study was to estimate the variance components (VC) for WW in American Angus with and without sire by herd (S×H) interaction effect when genomic information is used or not.
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